Publications containing records of lichens of Venezuela
Version 31 December 2017

 

A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z

  1. Ahti, T., 1990: New species of Cladonia from tropical South America. - Lichenologist 22, 3: 261 - 268.
  2. Ahti, T. & S. Stenroos, 1986: A revision of Cladonia sect. Cocciferae in the Venezuelan Andes. - Ann. Bot. Fenn. 23: 229 - 238.
  3. Aptroot, A., 1991: A monograph of the Pyrenulaceae (Excluding Anthracothecium and Pyrenula) and the Requienellaceae, with notes on the Pleomassariaceae, the Tryptheliaceae and Mycomicrothelia (Lichenized and non-lichenized Ascomycetes). - Biblioth. Lichenol. 44: 1 - 178.

  4. Brodo, I.M. & D.L. Hawksworth, 1977: Alectoria and allied genera in North America. - Opera Bot. 42: 1 - 164.

  5. Chaves, J. L., R. Lücking, H. J. M. Sipman, L. Umaña, E. Navarro, 2004: A first assessment of the Ticolichen Biodiversity Inventory in Costa Rica: The genus Dictyonema (Polyporales: Atheliaceae). - Bryologist 107, 2: 242 - 249.
  6. Coppins, B. & S.Y. Kondratyuk, 1995: Stygiomyces and Pseudonitschia: Two new genera of lichenicolous fungi. - Edinburgh J. Bot. 52: 229 - 236.

  7. Esslinger, T. L., 1980: Typification of Oropogon loxensis and description of two related species. - Byrologist 83, 4: 529 - 532.

  8. Galloway, D.J., 1995: Studies on the lichen genus Sticta (Schreber) Ach.: III. Notes on species described by Bory de St-Vincent, William Hooker, and Delise, between 1804 and 1825. - Nova Hedwigia 61: 147 - 188.
  9. Gordon, C.A., R. Herrera & T.C. Hutchinson, 1995: The use of a common epiphytic lichen as a bioindicator of atmospheric inputs to two Venezuelan cloud forests. - J. Trop. Ecol. 11: 1 - 26.

  10. Hafellner, J., 2001: Studies in lichenicolous fungi and lichens XII: On the genus Trematosphaeriopsis (Dothideales). - Mycotaxon 80: 381 - 387.
  11. Hale, M. E., 1974: New species of Parmelia (lichens) from tropical America 1. - Phytologia 28: 265 - 271.
  12. Hale, M.E., 1975 b: A monograph of the lichen genus Relicina (Parmeliaceae). - Smith. Contr. Bot. 26: 1 - 32.
  13. Hale, M.E., 1976: A monograph of the lichen genus Bulbothrix Hale (Parmeliaceae). - Smith. Contr. Bot. 32: 1 - 29.
  14. Hale, M.E., 1985: New species in the lichen genus Xanthoparmelia (Vain.) Hale (Ascomycotina: Parmeliaceae). - Mycotaxon 22: 281 - 284.
  15. Hawksworth, D.L. & T.L. Esslinger, 1993: Haleomyces oropogonicola, a new pyrenocarpous lichenicolous genus and species on Oropogon lopezii in the Neotropics. - Bryologist 96: 349 - 354.

  16. Jørgensen, P. M., 1993: Pseudohepatica, a remarkable new lichen genus from Venezuela. - Bryologist 96: 435 - 438.
  17. Jørgensen, P. M., 1998: Acantholichen pannarioides, a new basidiolichen from South America. - Bryologist 10: 444 - 447.
  18. Jørgensen, P. M. & H. J. M. Sipman, 2004: A revision of the Pannaria rubiginosa complex in South America. - Nova Hedwigia 78, 3-4: 311 - 327.

  19. Kantvilas, G., 1998: Studies on the lichen genus Siphula in Tasmania II. The S. decumbens group. - Herzogia 13: 119 - 138.
  20. Knoph; J.-G., 1999: Carbonea hertelii (Lecanoraceae, Lecanorales, Lichenized Ascomycotina), a new species from the Andes. - Mycotaxon 72: 97 - 100.
  21. Knoph, J.-G. & C. Leuckert, 1994: Chemotaxonomic studies in the saxicolous species of the lichen genus Lecidella (Lecanorales, Lecanoraceae) in America. - Nova Hedwigia 59: 455 - 508.
  22. Komposch, H. & J. Hafellner, 1999: List of lichenized fungi so far observed in the tropical lowland rain forest plot Surumoni (Venezuela, Estado Amazonas). - Fritischiana 19: 1 - 10.
  23. Komposch, H., A. Aptroot & J. Hafellner, 2002: New species of lichenized and non-lichenized ascomycetes from a rainforest canopy in southern Venezuela. - Lichenologist 34: 223 - 235.

  24. Lendemer, J. C. & R. C. Harris, 2011: Ramboldia blochiana, a new sorediate species in the Ramboldia russula group. - Opuscula Philolichenum 9: 1-4.
  25. Lumbsch, H. T., 1989: Die holarktischen Vertreter der Flechtengattung Diploschistes (Thelotremataceae). - J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 66: 133 - 196.

  26. Marcano, V. & A. Morales, 1994: New species of Ramalina from Venezuela. - Bryologist 97: 26 - 33.
  27. Marcano, V. & A. Morales, 1994: Ramalina africana in Venezuela. - Bryologist 97: 190 - 192.
  28. Marcano, V. & A. Morales Méndez, 1994: El grupo de Ramalina cochlearis Zahlbr. con especial referencia al tr¢pico americano. - Trop. Bryol. 9: 187 - 199.
  29. Marcano, V., A. Morales Méndez, A. Briceno & A. Descesao, 1975: Mimetismo por Amorphopus mimeticus (BOLIVAR, 1890) (Tettigonidae, Orthoptera) del lichen Usnea duriuscula MOT. procedente de los Andes Venezolanos: Un caso de proteccion?. - Rev. Forestal Latinoamericana 17: 102 - 115.
  30. Mata Garcia, L. B., 1994: Rimelia bonplandii, a new lichen species (Ascomycotina: Parmeliaceae). - Bryologist 97: 432 - 433.

  31. Müller Argau, J., 1881: Lichenologische Beiträge XII. (Schluss.). - Flora 64: 100 - 112.
  32. Neuwirth, G., 2007: Foliicolous lichens from Venezuela with new and remarkable records. - Herzogia 20: 319 - 326.

  33. Neuwirth, G., 2008: Further studies on lichens from Venezuela with new and interesting records. - Herzogia 21: 147 - 156.
  34. Oberwinkler, F., 1984: Fungus-alga interactions in basidiolichens. - Nova Hedwigia Beih. (Festschrift Poelt) 79: 739 - 774.

  35. Palacios-Prü, 1995: El genero Coccocarpia PERS. (Ascomicetes liquenizados) en Venezuela. - Trop. Bryol. 10: 215 - 227.

  36. Poelt, J. & W. Obermayer, 1991: Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Flechtenflora des Himalaya II. Die Gattung Bryonora (Lichenes, Lecanoraceae) zugleich eine Revision aller Arten. - Nova Hedwigia 53, 1-2: 1 - 26.
  37. Rambold, G., 1993: Further species of the genus Tephromela (Lecanorales). - Sendtnera 1: 281 - 288.
  38. Randlane, T., A. Saag, A. Thell & I. Kärnefelt, 1994: The lichen genus Tuckneraria Randlane & Thell - a new segregate in the Parmeliaceae. - Acta Bot. Fenn. 150: 143 - 151.
  39. Ramírez Reyes, C. & A. Skorepa, 1974: Contribution a la flora liquenologica del Macarao, Venezuela I. - Bryologist 77: 257.

  40. Santesson, R., 1944: Contributions to the lichen flora of South America. - Ark. Bot. 31A,7: 1 - 28.
  41. Sato, M., 1968: Two new varieties of Thamnolia from South America. - Bryologist 71: 49 - 50.
  42. Schultz, M. & B. Büdel, 2002: Peccania salevensis and Synalissa nitidula belong to the genus Paulia (Lichinaceae). - Mycotaxon 84: 21 - 26.

  43. Sipman, H. J. M., 1992: The origin of the lichen flora of the Colombian páramos. - Pp. 95 - 109 in Balslev, H. & J. L. Luteyn (eds): Páramo, Andean ecosystem under human influence. - Academic press, London.
  44. Sipman, H. J. M. & R. J. M. T. van Aubel, 1992: New Parmeliaceae (Lichenes) from the Guianas and surroundings. - Mycotaxon 44: 1 - 12.
  45. Sipman, H.J.M. & P. Topham, 1992: The genus Umbilicaria (lichenized ascomycetes) in Columbia. - Nova Hedwigia 54: 63 - 75.

  46. Sipman, H., J. A. Elix & T. H. Nash, 2009: Hypotrachyna (Parmeliaceae, Lichenized Fungi). - Flora Neotropica Monograph 104: 1 - 176.
  47. Triebel, D., G. Rambold & J.A. Elix, 1995: A conspectus of the genus Phacopsis (Lecanorales). - Bryologist 98: 71 - 83.

 

Not evaluated:

 

  1. Abbayés, H. des, 1961: Cladonia (Lichens) nouveaux ou peu connus du Venézuéla et des frontieres brésiliennes. - Rev. Bryol. Lichenol. 30: 117 - 118.
  2. Adler, M. T., 1997: Polymorphism of vegetative propagules in Punctelia punctilla (Parmeliaceae, Lecanorales) and the delimitation of the species. - Mycotaxon 63: 57 - 70.
  3. Ahti, T., 1985: Chemotaxonomy of the lichen family Cladoniaceae, with special reference to Venezuelan taxa. - Conferencia impartida en la Facultad de Farmacia, U.C.V., Caracas.
  4. Ahti, T., 1986: New species of reindeer lichens (Cladina). - Ann. Bot. Fenn. 23: 221 - 227.
  5. Ahti, T., 1987: Endemism among Cladoniaceae in the table mountains of the Guayana Highland, Venezuela. - Biblioth. Lichenol. 25: 173 - 188.
  6. Arvidsson, L., 1982: A monograph of the lichen genus Coccocarpia. - Opera Bot. 67: 1 - 96.
  7. Awasthi, D. D., 1975: A monograph of the lichen genus Dirinaria. - Biblioth. Lichenol. 2: 1 - 108, Karten, Fotos.

  8. Brako, L., 1991: Phyllopsora (Bacidiaceae). - Fl. Neotropica 55: 1 - 66.
  9. Chardon C. & R. Toro, 1934: Mycological explorations of Venezuela. - Monogr. Univ. Puerto Rico, Physc. Biol. Sci. Ser. B, 2: .
  10. Culberson, W.L. & C.F. Culberson, 1981: The genera Cetrariastrum and Concamerella (Parmeliaceae): a chemotaxonomic synopsis. - Bryologist 84: 273 - 314.
  11. Czeczuga, B., A. Morales Méndez & M. Lopéz-Figueiras, 1997: Carotenoids in terrestrial, epilithic and epiphytic lichens from Venezuelan Andes. - Feddes Repert. 108: 169 - 183.

  12. Delise, D. F., 1825 a: Histoire des Lichens: Genre Sticta. - Mémoires de la Sociéte Linnéenne de Normandie (Calvados) 2: 1 - 167.
  13. Delise, D. F., 1825 b: DerniŠre addition au genre Sticta. - Mémoires de la Sociéte Linnéenne de Normandie (Calvados) 2: 598 - 600.
  14. Dennis, R. W. G., 1965: Fungi Venezuelani: VII. - Kew Bull. 19: 231 - 273.
  15. Dennis, R. W. G., 1970: Fungus flora of Venezuela and adjacent countries. - Kew Bull. Additional Series 3: 1 - 531.
  16. De Vries, B.G. & H.J. Sipman, 1984: Studies on Colombian <<<< XXI. The lichen genus Baeomyces in Colombia and Venezuela. - Proceedings of the Konikli. Nederl. Akademie van Wetenschappen C 87: 235 - 246.
  17. Dodge, C. W., 1957: Lichens. - S. 690 - 695 in Steyermark, J. (Hrsg.): Contribution to the Flora of Venezuela". - Fieldiana Bot. 28,4:
  18. Dodge, C. W. & V. Vareschi, 1956: Resultados liquenologicos de excursiones efectuadas en Venezuela. No. I. - Acta Biol. Venez. 2: 1 - 12.

  19. Egea, J. M. & L. Tibell, 1993: Opegrapha pyrenocarpoides belongs in Tylophorella. - Nordic J. Bot. 13: 207 - 210.
  20. Egea, J. M. & P. Torrente, 1993: Cresponea a new genus of lichenized fungi in the order Arthoniales (Ascomycotina). - Mycotaxon 48: 301 - 331.
  21. Elix, J. A. & J. Johnston, 1988: New species in the lichen genus Paraparmelia (Ascomycotina) from the Southern Hemisphere. - Mycotaxon 32: 399 - 414.
  22. Eriksson, O. E., 1992: Psoroglaena cubensis and Flakea papillata gen. et sp. nov., two corticolous lichens with a pantropical distribution. - Systema Ascomycetum 11, 1: 11 - 27.
  23. Esslinger, T. L., 1977: A chemosystematic revision of the brown Parmeliae. - J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 42: 1 - 211.
  24. Esslinger, T. L., 1989: Systematics of Oropogon (Alectoriaceae) in the New World. - Syst. Bot. Monogr. 28: 1 - 111.

  25. Farkas, E. E. & H. J. M. Sipman, 1993: Bibliography and checklist of foliicolous lichenized fungi up to 1992. - Trop. Bryol. 7: 93 - 148.

  26. Galloway, C.M., C. Burke & D. Leubert, 1996: Roccella babingtonii in southern Texas. - Evansia 13: 76.
  27. Gierl, C. & K. Kalb, 1993: Die Flechtengattung Dibaeis. Eine übersicht über die rosafrüchtigen Arten von Baeomyces sens. lat. nebst Anmerkungen zu Phyllobaeis gen. nov. - Herzogia 9: 593 - 645.
  28. Hafellner, J., 1981: Monographie der Flechtengattung Letrouitia (Lecanorales, Teloschistineae). - Nova Hedwigia 35: 645 - 729.
  29. Hale, M.E., 1975 a: A monograph of the lichen genus Hypotrachyna (Parmeliaceae) in tropical America. - Smith. Contr. Bot. 25: 1 - 73.
  30. Hale, M.E., 1986: New species in the lichen family Parmeliaceae (Ascomycotina). - Mycotaxon 25: 85 - 93.
  31. Hale, M.E., 1987: New or interesting species of Xanthoparmelia (VAINIO) HALE (Ascomycotina: Parmeliaceae). - Mycotaxon 30: 319 - 334.
  32. Hale, M.E., 1990: A synopsis of the lichen genus Xanthoparmelia (Vainio) Hale (Ascomycotina, Parmeliaceae). - Smith. Contr. Bot. 74: 1 - 250.
  33. Hale, M.E. & M. López-Figueiras, 1978: New species of Everniastrum and Hypotrachyna from South America (Lichenes: Parmeliaceae). - Bryologist 81: 590 - 593.
  34. Hannemann, B., 1973: Anhangsorgane der Flechten. - Biblioth. Lichenol. 1: 1 - 123.
  35. Hekking, W.H.A. & H.J.M. Sipman, 1988: The lichens reported from the Guianas before 1987. - Willdenowia 17: 193 - 228.
  36. Hertel, H., 1971: Über holarktische Krustenflechten aus den venezuelanischen (sic!) Anden. - Willdenowia 6: 225 - 272.
  37. Hertel, H., 1974: Krustenflechten aus Venezuela. - Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 11: 405 - 430.
  38. Hertel, H., 1981: Index collectorum lichenum herbarii monacensis. übersicht über die Herkünfte in geographischer Ordnung. - Mitt. Bot. München 17: 185 - 230.
  39. Hooker, W. J., 1822: Sticta. - S. 26 - 29 in: Kunth, C.S. (Hrsg.): Synopsis plantarum quas in itinere ad plagam aequinoctialem orbis novi, collegerunt Al. de Humboldt et Am. Bonpland. Vol. 1. - Paris.
  40. Huneck, S., A. Preiss, J. Schmidt & A. Morales, 1983: 3-á-acetoxyhopan-1,22-diol, a triterpene from the lichen Pseudoparmelia texana. - Phytochemistry 22: 2027 - 2030.
  41. Huneck, S., A. Morales & K. Kalb, 1987: Chemistry of the Pyxinaceae of South America. - J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 62: 321 - 338.
  42. Huovinen, K. & T. Ahti, 1988: The composition and contents of aromatic lichen substances in Cladonia, section Perviae. - Ann. Bot. Fenn. 25: 371 - 383.
  43. Huovinen, K., T. Ahti & S. Stenroos, 1989: The composition and contents of aromatic lichen substances in Cladonia, section Cocciferae. - Ann. Bot. Fenn. 26: 133 - 148.
  44. Huovinen, K., T. Ahti & S. Stenroos, 1990: The composition and contents of aromatic lichen substances in Cladonia section Cladonia and group Furcatae. - Biblioth. Lichenol. 38: 209 - 241.

  45. Jørgensen, P. M., 1986: A Calicium-like Caloplaca from Venezuela. - Lichenologist 18: 389 - 390.
  46. Jørgensen, P. M., 1989: Omphalina foliacea, a new basidiolichen from America. - Nordic J. Bot. 9: 89 - 95.
  47. Kalb, K., 1987: Brasilianische Flechten. 1. Die Gattung Pyxine. - Biblioth. Lichenol. 24: 1 - 89.
  48. Kalb, K., 1988: Neue oder bemerkenswerte Arten der Flechtenfamilie Gomphillaceae. - Biblioth. Lichenol. 29: 1 - 80 und Tafeln.
  49. Kalb, K., : (No. 472). - Neumarkt i.d.Oberpfalz.
  50. Kalb, K., 1990: Lichenes Neotropici. Fascikel XI (No. 451 - 475). - Neumarkt i.d.Oberpfalz.
  51. Kalb, K., 1991: Lichenes Neotropici Fascikel XII (No. 476 - 525). - Neumarkt i.d.Oberpfalz.
  52. Kalb, K. & J. A. Elix, 1995: The lichen genus Physcidia. - Biblioth. Lichenol. 57: 265 - 296.
  53. Kärnefelt, I., 1980: Everniastrum andense sp. nov., a neotropical páramo lichen. - Bot. Not. 133: 387 - 394.
  54. Kärnefelt, I., 1986: The genera Bryocaulon, Coelocaulon and Cornicularia and formerly associated taxa. - Opera Bot. 86: 1-90.
  55. Kärnefelt, I., 1990: Isidiate taxa in the Teloschistales and their ecological and evolutionary significance. - Lichenologist 22: 307 - 320.
  56. Keogh, M.F. & R.M. Obando, 1972: Constituents of Teloschistes flavicans. - Phytochemistry 11: 1495.
  57. Krempelhuber, A.v., 1861: Verzeichniss der Lichenen, welche Herr Dr. Moriz Wagner auf seinen Reisen in Central-Amerika während der Jahre 1858 und 1859 gesammelt hat. - Flora 44: 129-131.
  58. Kurokawa, S., 1991: Rimeliella, a new lichen genus related to Rimelia of the Parmeliaceae. - Ann. Tsukuba Bot. Gard. 10: 1 - 14.

  59. Lange, O.L., B. Büdel, A. Meyer & E. Kilian, 1993: Further evidence that activation of net photosynthesis by dry cyanobacterial lichens requires liquid water. - Lichenologist 25: 175 - 189.
  60. Larcher, W. & V. Vareschi, 1988: Variation in morphology and functional traits of Dictyonema glabratum form contrasting habitats in the Venezuelan Andes. - Lichenologist 20: 269 - 277.
  61. López-Figueiras, M., 1977: Contribución a la flora liquenologica de Venezuela. - Phytologia 36, 3: 161 - 163.
  62. López-Figueiras, M., 1979: Contribution to the lichen flora of Venezuela. - Phytologia 43, 4: 427 - 429.
  63. López-Figueiras, M., 1979: Parmotrema larense sp. nov. from Venezuela (Lichenes: Parmeliaceae). - Phytologia 44, 2: 89 - 91.
  64. López-Figueiras, M., 1980: Contribución a la flora liquenológica de la Peninsula de Paraguaná (Edo. Falc¢n). - Mem. 6to. Congr. Venez. Bot.: 46.
  65. López-Figueiras, M., 1981: Contribution to the lichen flora of Venezuela, II. - Phytologia 48, 4: 357 - 361.
  66. López-Figueiras, M., 1981: Contribution to the lichen flora of Venezuela, III. - Phytologia 49: 355 - 361.
  67. López-Figueiras, M., 1982: Contribution to the lichen flora of Venezuela, IV. - Phytologia 51: 423 - 429.
  68. López-Figueiras, M., 1983: Contribution to the lichen flora of Venezuela, V. - Phytologia 53: 454 - 459.
  69. López-Figueiras, M., 1983: Uso de compuestos secundarios en la sistemática de los L¡quenes. - Mem. VII Congr. Venez. Bot.: 68.
  70. López-Figueiras, M., 1985: Contribution to the lichen flora of Venezuela, VI. - Phytologia 56,7: 493 - 499.
  71. López-Figueiras, M., 1986: Censo de macrolíquenes de los estados Falcón, Lara, Mérida, Táchira y Trujillo. - Talleres Gráficos Universitarios, Mérida, Venezuela.
  72. López-Figueiras, M. & M. Keogh, 1977: Perlatolic acid in Glossodium aversum, a lichen new to the flora of Venezuela. - Bryologist 80,4: 654 - 655.
  73. López-Figueiras, M. & A. Morales-Mendez, 1989: Contribution to the lichen flora of Venezuela. VII. - Phytologia 67: 100 - 103.
  74. López-Figueiras, M. & A. Morales-Mendez, 1989: Aportaciones a la flora liquenol¢gica de Venezuela I. - Ernstia 56: 8 - 9.
  75. López-Figueiras, M. & A. Morales-Mendez, 1989: Aportaciones a la flora liquenol¢gica de Venezuela II. - Ernstia 56: 13 - 14.
  76. López-Figueiras, M. & E. Palacios Prü, 1979: Ultraestructura de Glossodium aversum. - Rev. Fac. Farm. (Merida) 20: 41 - 69.
  77. López-Figueiras, M. & E. Palacios Prü, 1980: Aspectos ultraestructurales de Anzia sp. - Pittieria 8: 1 - 22.
  78. López-Figueiras, M. & E. Palacios Prü, 1981: Organizaci¢n morfológica del género Usnea. - Cuad. Centr. Microscop. Electr. (Merida) 2,1: 7 - 46.

  79. Magnusson, A. H., 1954: Key to saxicolous Buellia species, mainly from South America. - Ark. Bot. 3, 9: 205 - 221.
  80. Marcano, V., 1991: Propiedades Biomédicas de las embriofitas asifonogamas andinas. II. L¡quenes. - Rev. Fac. Farmc. (Mérida) 28: 1 - 13.
  81. Marcano, V., 1993: Revisión del género Thamnolia en Venezuela. - Memoria Fundación La Salle de Ciencias naturales ....
  82. Marcano, V., 1994: Introducci¢n al estudio de los l¡quenes y su clasificaci¢n. - Museo de Ciencia, Mérida.
  83. Martin, G.W., 1940: Some tropical American "Clavarias". - Lilloa 5: 191 - 196.
  84. Morales M., A. & V. Marcano, 1992: Chemical compounds of Ramalina from Western Venezuela. - Second International Lichenological Symposium IAL 2 Abstracts 61 - 62, Bastad, Schweden.
  85. Marcano, V. & A. Morales M., 1993: Descripcion de una nueva especie en el genero Ramalina de los Andes venezolanos. - MEMORIA Fundación La Salle de Ciencias Naturales
  86. Marcano, V. & A. Morales, 1993: Ramalina reducta Krog et Swinscow, especie de liquen de Los Andes Venezolanos, nueva para América. - Ernstia 3: 19 - 26.
  87. Marcano, V. & A. Morales, 1993: A new species of Ramalina from the Venezuelan Andes. - Ernstia 3: 101 - 104.
  88. Marcano, V., A. Morales Méndez, H. Sipman & L. Calderon, 1996: A first checklist of the lichen-forming fungi of the Venezuelan Andes. - Tropical Bryology 12: 193 - 235.
  89. Marcano, V., A. Morales Méndez, S. Mohali, L. Galiz & E.
  90. Moberg, R., 1990: The lichen genus Physcia in central and South America. - Nordic J. Bot. 10: 319 - 342.
  91. Morales, A., 1990: Componentes qu¡micos del Pyxine daedalea SWINSCOW & KROG. - Rev. Latinoamericana de Qu¡mica 21: 24 - 26.
  92. Morales, A. & V. Marcano, 1992: Chemical compounds of Ramalina from Western Venezuela. Second International Lichenological Symposium IAL 2, Bastad, Sweden, Abstracts: 61.
  93. Morales Méndez, A. & V. Marcano, 1994: Ramalina subfraxinea Nyl. var. confirmata (Nyl.) N.Stevens (Ascomicete liquenizado, Ramalinaceae) en America. - Trop. Bryol. 9: 201 - 204.
  94. Morales, A., A. Carabot & C. Rosquete, 1991: Componentes de la Ramalina dictyota Dodge & Vareschi. - Rev. Fac. Farmc. (Mérida) 28: 14 - 16.
  95. Morales, A., I. Garcia M. & S. Pérez, 1985: Acido did¡mico en la Cladonia miniata Meyer. - Anales de Qu¡mica 80 C: 98 - 100.
  96. Müller-Argau, J., 1877: ....Flora 60: 475 u.a.
  97. Müller-Argau, J., 1880: Lichenologische Beiträge XI. (Schluss.). - Flora 63: 275 - 290. - Flechten aus Venezuela S. 278, 284.
  98. Müller-Argau, J., 1881: Lichenologische Beiträge - Flora 64:
  99. Müller-Argau, J., 1883: Lichenologische Beiträge XVIII. - Flora 66:
  100. Müller-Argau, J., 1887: Flora 70: 320
  101. Müller-Argau, J., 1890: Lichenes epiphylli novi. - Genf.
  102. Müller Argau, J., 1892: Lichenes exotici. - Hedwigia 31: 276 - 288.
  103. Müller-Argau, J., 1894: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 20: 265.
  104. Müller-Argau, J., 1895: Lichenes Ernstiani a cl. Prof. Dr. Ernst prope Caracas lecti quos enumerat. - Hedwigia 34: 146 - 153.

  105. Nash, T.H., C. Gries & J.A. Elix, 1995: A revision of the lichen genus Xanthoparmelia in South America. - Biblioth. Lichenol. 56: 1 - 158.
  106. Nylander, W., 1864: Lichens I. - S. 1 - 148 in Triana, J. & J.E.Planchons (Hrsg.): Prodromus Florae Novo-Granatensis. - Ann. Sci. Nat. 4me Ser. Bot. T. 19: 1 - 148.
  107. Nylander, W., 1864: Lichens I. - S. 1 - 148 in Triana, J. & J.E.Planchons (Hrsg.): Prodromus Florae Novo-Granatensis. - Ann. Sci. Nat. 4me Ser. Bot. T. 20: 228 - 279
  108. Nylander, W., 1867: Lichens, Additamentum. - S. 1 - 148 in Triana, J. & J.E.Planchons (Hrsg.): Prodromus Florae Novo-Granatensis. - Ann. Sci. Nat. 5me Ser. Bot. T. 7: 301 - 354.

  109. Östhagen, H. & H. Krog, 1979: Alectoria imshaugii in the Canary Islands. - Norwegian J. Bot. 26: 283 - 284.
    Pankhurst,

  110. Pérez, F. L., 1994: Vagrant cryptogams in a paramo of the high Venezuelan Andes. - Flora 189: 263 - 276.
  111. Pérez, F. L., 1994: Vagant cryptogams in a paramo of the high Venezuelan Andes. - Flora 189: 263 - 276.
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    Núñez Ravelo, F. 2014: Effects of microbiotic crust on soil properties, South of the "Los Barrancos" creek, Quíbor Valley, Venezuela [Efectos de la costra microbiótica en algunas propiedades del suelo en el sur de la quebrada Los Barrancos, Valle de Quíbor, Venezuela]. - Investigaciones Geograficas 84: 9-19. [RLL List # 238 / Rec.# 36027] Keywords: MICROBIOTIC CRUST/ ORGANIC CARBON IN THE SOIL/ ORGANIC MATTER/ PH/ SALINITY/ SOIL MOISTURE/ SOIL PROPERTIES/ ORGANIC CARBON/ PH/ SALINITY/ SOIL CRUST/ SOIL MICROORGANISM/ SOIL MOISTURE/ SOIL ORGANIC MATTER/ LARA/ QUIBOR VALLEY/ VENEZUELA/ BRYOPHYTES/ CYANOBACTERIA Abstract: On the floor of Quíbor, grows discontinuously a crust formed by lichens, bryophytes and cyanobacteria. The purpose of this research is to identify variations in the behaviours of some soil properties by comparing soil samples with and without crust. This is a field research developed in three phases: The first, called field, in order to collect samples of soil, with support in the random digits table and from two longitudinal transects, they are used on every ten meters a quadrat square 25 × 25 cm; the second phase, laboratory, in which soil properties determined: a) physical as % moisture; b) chemicals such as salinity, pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC) and organic carbon (OC); and c) biochemical, including organic matter (OM) and carbon dioxide (CO2) given off; the third phase, statistical analysis, "t" test was used in order to identify significant changes between the two sample groups. We conclude that the presence of the crust on the soil surface increases metabolic activity, the OC and OM. As for pH, EC, salinity and% H there were no significant changes.--> Plata, E. R./ R. Lücking 2013: High diversity of Graphidaceae (lichenized Ascomycota: Ostropales) in Amazonian Perú. - Fungal Diversity 58(1): 13-32. [RLL List # 230 / Rec.# 34400] Keywords: CORTICOLOUS/ LICHENS/ MADRE DE DIOS/ RAINFOREST/ THELOTREMOID/ TROPICAL Abstract: A survey of crustose microlichens at Los Amigos Biological Station in Amazonian Peru revealed 116 species of Graphidaceae at this site. This is the second highest number of Graphidaceae ever reported for a single site world-wide, after the Surumoni crane station in Venezuela, with 131 species, and followed by Fakahatchee Strand Park Preserve in Florida, with 111 species. Based on the number of Graphidaceae found at Los Amigos, we predict the total lichen species richness at this site to be approximately 700 species. Of the 116 species encountered at Los Amigos, 59 were graphidoid species (former Graphidaceae s.str.) and 67 thelotremoid species (former Thelotremataceae). The following 18 species are described as new: Ampliotrema sorediatum Rivas Plata & Lücking, spec. nova, Chapsa hypoconstictica Rivas Plata & Lücking, spec. nova, Chapsa scabiocarpa Rivas Plata & Lücking, spec. nova, Chapsa subsorediata Rivas Plata & Lücking, spec. nova, Diorygma nigricans Rivas Plata & Lücking, spec. nova, Fissurina flavomedullosa Rivas Plata & Lücking, spec. nova, Fissurina platythecioides Rivas Plata & Lücking, spec. nova, Graphis apertoinspersa Rivas Plata & Lücking, spec. nova, Graphis pitmanii Rivas Plata & Lücking, spec. nova, Leucodecton inspersum Rivas Plata & Lücking, spec. nova, Ocellularia cicra Rivas Plata & Lücking, spec. nova, Ocellularia fenestrata Rivas Plata & Lücking, spec. nova, Ocellularia microsorediata Rivas Plata & Lücking, spec. nova, Ocellularia natashae Rivas Plata & Lücking, spec. nova, Ocellularia plicata Rivas Plata & Lücking, spec. nova, Ocellularia protoinspersa Rivas Plata & Lücking, spec. nova, Ocellularia pustulata Rivas Plata & Lücking, spec. nova, and Thelotrema amazonicum Rivas Plata & Lücking, spec. nova. © 2012 Mushroom Research Foundation. Notes: New species: Ampliotrema sorediatum, Chapsa hypoconstictica, Chapsa scabiocarpa, Chapsa subsorediata, Diorygma nigricans, Fissurina flavomedullosa, Fissurina platythecioides, Graphis apertoinspersa, Graphis pitmanii, Leucodecton inspersum, Ocellularia cicra, Ocellularia fenestrata, Ocellularia microsorediata, Ocellularia natashae, Ocellularia plicata, Ocellularia protoinspersa, Ocellularia pustulata & Thelotrema amazonicum (all taxa credited to Rivas Plata & Lücking). URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13225-012-0172-y [E-mail correction] [Upload PDF/URL] Fernández, R. F. Galarraga, Z. Benzo, G. Márquez-Martínez, M. G. Requiz and J. Hernández 2011: Lichens as biomonitors for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Caracas Valley, Venezuela. - International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry 91(3): 230-240. [RLL List # 222 / Rec.# 32641] Keywords: ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION/ CARACAS/ FOSSIL FUELS/ PAHS/ PYXINE CORALLIGERA MALME Abstract: [The thalli of Pyxine coralligera Malme contained high levels of pollutants.] [E-mail correction] [Upload PDF/URL] Troung, C. & P. Clerc 2012: The lichen genus Usnea (Parmeliaceae) in tropical South America: species with a pigmented medulla, reacting C+ yellow. - Lichenologist 44(5): 625-637. [RLL List # 228 / Rec.# 34100] Abstract: In tropical South America (Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Brazil), we investigated the diversity of Usnea species with a pigmented, C+ yellow medulla. Four species are treated: the sorediate U. ceratina and U. entoviolata, the latter being new for South America, and the non-sorediate U. cristatula and U. flavorubescens, the latter being newly described here. A detailed description is provided for each species together with an identification key. Notes: New species: Usnea flavorubescens Truong & P. Clerc--> Truong, C./ Clerc, P. 2016: New species and new records in the genus Usnea (Parmeliaceae, lichenized Ascomycota) from tropical South America. - The Lichenologist 48(1): 71-93. [RLL List # 242 / Rec.# 37235] Keywords: MACROLICHENS/ NEOTROPICS/ PHYLOGENETICS/ TAXONOMY/ THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY Abstract: Usnea is a cosmopolitan genus of lichen-forming Ascomycota (Parmeliaceae, Lecanorales). This hyperdiverse genus remains poorly known, especially in tropical regions, and recent efforts have been made to clarify the species concepts and describe the diversity of species. We describe five new species from tropical South America based on morphological and chemical features supported by molecular data from the ITS rDNA, nuLSU, RPB1 and Mcm7 markers. Usnea clerciana is a Galapagos endemic characterized by inflated branches holding elongated tubercles, excavate soralia and/or apothecia. Usnea aranea and U. subaranea share inflated branches with numerous papillae and a loose arachnoid medulla, but differ in the minute and irregular soralia in U. aranea, that are circular and excavate in U. subaranea. Usnea rubriglabrata and U. subglabrata are characterized by inflated branches with excavate soralia, with a reddish cortex pigmentation in U. rubriglabrata that is lacking in U. subglabrata. Usnea aranea, U. rubriglabrata, U. subaranea and U. subglabrata are so far endemic to continental South America; the three former species are closely related and cluster in a highly supported clade, characterized by species distributed in the tropical Andes. New records for the region are provided and U. moreliana is resurrected, corresponding to the valid name for U. rubricornuta. Notes: New: Usnea aranea Truong & P. Clerc (from Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela), U. clerciana Truong (from Ecuador), U. rubriglabrata Truong & P. Clerc (from Peru), U. subaranea Truong & P. Clerc (from Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela), U. subglabrata Truong & P. Clerc (from Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela). Lectotypified: U. moreliana Motyka.--> Truong, C., J. M. Rodridguez & P. Clerc, 2013: Pendulous Usnea species (Parmeliaceae, lichenized Ascomycota) in tropical South America and the Galapagos. - Lichenologist 45, 4: 505-542.
    Truong, C., F. Bungartz & P. Clerc 2011: The lichen genus Usnea (Parmeliaceae) in the tropical Andes and the Galapagos: species with a red-orange cortical or subcortical pigmentation. - Bryologist 114(3): 477-503.
    Truong, C. & P. Clerc, 2012: The lichen genus Usnea (Parmeliaceae) in tropical South America: Species with a pigmented medulla, reacting C+ yellow. - Lichenologist 44(5): 625-637.