Syst. Lich. Germ. (Breslau): 209, tab. 1, fig. 7 (1855).
Basionym: Lichen querneus Dicks., Fasc. Pl. Crypt. Brit. (London) 1: 9 (1785).
Photobiont: Green alga.
Chemistry:
Ecology: On bark.
Race I: Thiophanic acid (major), isoarthothelin (submajor), 2,4,7-trichloronorlichexanthon (minor), 2,5-dichloronorlichexanthone (minor), 2,7-dichloronorlichexanthone (trace), arthothelin (trace) (Elix & Tønsberg 2004: 44 "Unfortunately 7-chloroemodin occurs very close to isoarthothelin on HPLC, so if it were present it would be swamped by the latter") Author?
Race II: 6-0-methylarthothelin (major), arthothelin (major), thiophanic acid (minor), thiophaninic acid (minor), 2,4-dichloronorlichexanthone (minor), 7-chloroemodin (minor - orange pigment), atranorin (trace), 4,5-dichloronorlichexanthone (trace) (Elix & Tønsberg 2004: 45). Author?
Race III: Thuringione (major), arthothelin (major), thiophanic acid (minor), 2,4-dichloro-3-0-methylnorlichexanthone acid (minor), 2,4-dichloronorlichexanthone (minor), 7-chloroemodin (minor - orange pigment), atranorin (trace), 4,5-dichloro-3-0-methylnorlichexanthone (trace) and 4,5-dichloronorlichexanthone (trace) (Elix & Tønsberg 2004: 45 "2,4-dichloro-3-0-methylnorlichexanthone acid has not previously been reported as occurring in nature"). Author?
Xanthones, not thiophanic acid, were located in both samples by TLC (McMullin 2008: 633).