Meddn Soc. Fauna Flora fenn. 48: 173 (1925) [1924].

Chemistry:
Race 0: Usnic acid (Carlin 1986: 30, 5 samples from Sweden)
Race I: Usnic acid, norstictic acid (Carlin 1986: 30, 4 samples from Sweden)
Race II: Usnic acid, barbatic acid (Carlin 1986: 30, 1 sample from Sweden)
Race III: Usnic acid, barbatic acid, salacinic acid (Carlin 1986: 30, 2 samples from Sweden)
Race IV: Usnic acid, caperatic acid (Carlin 1986: 30, 1 sample from Sweden)
Race V: Usnic acid, salacinic acid (Carlin 1986: 30, 33 samples from Sweden)